Variations exist depending on jurisdiction, policy type, and bargaining power of the parties.
Despite these arguments, the majority ruling is clear: transmission and distribution lines exclusion clause
To address the harshness of a complete exclusion, insurers and insureds negotiate endorsements: Variations exist depending on jurisdiction, policy type, and
In many regions, T&D infrastructure is 40–60 years old. Deterioration increases failure rates, leading to frequent small‑to‑medium claims (pole replacements, conductor repairs) and rare but massive events (cascading blackouts). Insurers exclude routine wear‑and‑tear and latent defects. Variations exist depending on jurisdiction