Adwa History In Amharic Pdf -

On March 1, 1896, the Italians, under General Baratieri, attacked at dawn, believing they would catch the Ethiopians off guard. However, via superior intelligence (much of it provided by Empress Taytu’s spies among local clergy), Menelik knew their movements. Ethiopian forces used the terrain of hills and ravines to surround the Italians. By noon, the Italian army was annihilated.

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