General principles, including the territoriality, generality, and prospectivity of penal laws. Articles 11–15: The "Circumstances" affecting liability: Justifying: Self-defense, fulfillment of duty. Exempting: Minority, insanity, accident. Mitigating: Provocation, voluntary surrender. Aggravating: Article 14 (detailed below).
Penalties, their classification, duration, and extinction. 🔍 Focus on Article 14: Aggravating Circumstances revised penal code book 1 luis reyes pdf 14