# Step 4: Optional – linearization (thermistor, etc.) engineering_value = linearize(sensor_uv)
: Useful for vehicles with modified exhaust systems (like cat-deletes) to stop the ECU from throwing oxygen sensor errors. Volta Sensor Decoding
But even with these, you still need to think like a decoder—input filtering, shielding, and proper grounding are non-negotiable. # Step 4: Optional – linearization (thermistor, etc